A disease such as gastritis is becoming more common these days. The most important condition for a speedy recovery is a diet for gastritis, which consists in eating gentle food for the gastric mucosa and following certain dietary rules. Why you need to adhere to a diet, what is the risk of non-compliance and what the consequences will be, we will find out in this article.
Why do you need to follow a diet with gastritis of the stomach?
No medicine can completely cure gastritis (acute or chronic). At the moment, pharmacies offer a wide variety of drugs for gastritis, but all of them can only eliminate the symptoms of the disease (pain and cramps in the stomach, heartburn, upset stools, belching), and not undergo a full course of treatment. Without dieting, medications will not be able to produce the expected results and will be a waste of money.
General rules
The basic principle of a diet for inflammation of the gastric mucosa is to maintain a rational diet, which helps to ensure proper digestion. The menu for gastritis (both with high acidity and low) implies the use of a certain daily content of nutrients: from 90 to 100 g of proteins and fats, from 400 to 420 g of carbohydrates. In this case, the calorie content should not exceed 3000. Drinking liquids must be at least 2 liters per day.
The diet for gastritis should be serious, but at the same time, recipes for meals must include nutritious foods that do not irritate the stomach walls. Food should be eaten in a crushed state, sufficiently well boiled or steamed. You should eat often, food intake should be moderate. Do not indulge in contrasting dishes - there are cold dishes separately from hot ones. It is forbidden to eat at night, since at night the stomach is obliged to rest, like each individual human organ.
Diet and gastritis
Hyperacid
This type of gastritis is accompanied by increased secretion of gastric juice. For him, the first on the list was specially selected - diet number 1, the main purpose of which is to protect and protect the gastric mucosa from external stimuli. Therefore, the basis of rational digestion includes foods that reduce acidity. The diet suggests eating the following foods:
- milk porridge (semolina, oatmeal, rice);
- mashed vegetable soups;
- skim milk and dairy products;
- steamed egg omelet;
- lean meats (rabbit, turkey meat);
- fish of low-fat varieties (hake, pollock, flounder, etc. ).
The menu for the disease should consist of such vegetables: boiled potatoes, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin. All dietary recipes include vegetable dishes that are boiled, steamed and mashed. From fruits, preference should be given to non-acidic varieties of fruits: avocado, mango, sweet apples. You should eat sweet berries: strawberries, raspberries, cherries, as well as melons (watermelon and melon).
It is very useful to drink a glass of milk in the morning and in the evening. The inclusion of animal and vegetable oils in the meal will have a positive effect on the stomach and help eliminate painful symptoms. With gastritis, it is forbidden to eat such dishes that cause excessive secretion of gastric juice. These include:
- fried, salty, spicy foods;
- sauces;
- black bread;
- fresh pastries from butter dough;
- canned products;
- black coffee and tea.
The diet for patients with gastritis categorically prohibits the intake of alcohol, beer, sweet soda.
Hypoacid
With diffuse and erosive gastritis, there is a decreased acidity of the stomach. It is necessary to eat easily digestible food that does not irritate the walls of the stomach. Examples of permitted food are: stale bread; cereals, the most useful of which will be oatmeal, buckwheat, rice porridge (especially for breakfast). With hypoacid gastritis, many fruits can be mashed or grated. Citrus fruits are allowed in moderation. Berry compote is also useful.
Meat is preferable to eat lean varieties: chicken, turkey, young calf; fish - hake, cod, flounder (exclude only fatty varieties). You can cook hated meat and fish broths. Low-fat dairy products and yoghurt desserts are allowed. From flour, it is worth giving up muffins and fatty cookies. Black tea is prohibited, but you can afford to drink kvass, beer, black coffee. Smoked meats and salty and spicy dishes are prohibited for use in food.
An approximate diet for patients with gastritis with low acidity of the stomach is not as tough as with an ailment with high acidity and, sometimes, in the absence of exacerbations, even involves the use of fried foods, pickled vegetables.
Types of diets and their characteristics
Treatment for gastritis patients with diet number 1
It is indicated for gastric ulcers, with superficial, diffuse and erosive gastritis. Food is cooked boiled or steamed, not chopped. Eliminate foods that contribute to excessive gastric acid secretion. The diet for those suffering from gastritis is aimed at treating the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, healing ulcers and erosions, and normalizing the stomach. You need to eat 5-6 times a day, with 2-hour breaks between feedings and eat in small portions.
Diet number one has two modifications: number 1a and number 1b. Diet 1a has the following principle: meals are prepared in liquid, mashed or crushed form.It is recommended to eat very often - 6-7 times a day, while you cannot eat vegetables, fruits and bakery products.Such a strict diet is prescribed to patients with diffuse, erosive gastritis, as well as in the first week of the postoperative period. Diet table number 1b contains the same principles of the diet, but only differs in the composition of substances (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) and nutritional value. It is prescribed when the treatment course using the table 1a ends.
Diet number 2 and gastritis
A therapeutic diet is indicated for superficial, chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, enteritis and colitis, which are in the process of recovery. Proper nutrition is aimed at providing the body with nutrients, stimulating the secretory function of the digestive system, and normalizing the normal functioning of the digestive tract. With such a diet, it is allowed to cook and eat food in a boiled, stewed, not very fried form.
The use of indigestible, irritating to the gastric mucosa, contrasting foods is prohibited.
Diet number 5 and gastritis
This is a diet that is indicated not only for superficial gastritis, but also for other diseases: with hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, chronic colitis, and inflammation of the gallbladder. Diet food is aimed at supplying the body with a complete and high-quality fortified composition, normalizing lipid metabolism and normal functioning of the digestive tract. Food should be gentle on the stomach, with a limited content of animal fats, boiled, steamed or stewed. You need to eat often, 4-5 times a day, eat in small portions.
Principles of nutrition for children and pregnant women
When treating a child's malaise, in order to eliminate unpleasant symptoms, in addition to taking medications, much attention is paid to following the appropriate diet. There are three basic principles of diet therapy for a child: adherence to the diet (timely feeding - at least 4 times a day, with short breaks between them); the quality and correct technology of their preparation (products must be fresh, cooked immediately before the main meal, add salt and flavoring to a minimum); the content of healthy and nutritious meals for the child in the healing menu.
For pregnant women with a disease such as gastritis, bed rest and a strict diet are recommended.A simple protein diet is shown, eat 5-6 times a day.All food can be cooked boiled and steamed, it is absolutely forbidden to eat fried food. The diet for pregnant women prohibits the use of sugary foods, hot spices and salt. The therapeutic effect will be provided by the use of dairy products, steam egg omelets, cereals, mineral water and at the same time the rest of the dietary food, which is indicated for people with hyperacid and hypoacid forms of the disease.
Approximate dietary menu for the day
- Breakfast: steam omelet, cocoa with milk.
- Second breakfast: fruit yogurt.
- Lunch: chicken broth, rice porridge and steamed fishcake, berry compote.
- Afternoon snack: one cottage cheese pan and apple jelly.
- Dinner: a portion of baked potatoes, vinaigrette, chamomile tea.
- Second supper: fermented baked milk and biscuit biscuits.
What are the risks of non-compliance with the diet?
For people, non-compliance with the diet with an ailment entails the following consequences: pathology of the gastric mucosa, the formation of ulcers and erosions, which will result in a stomach ulcer. In addition, there follows a disruption in the functioning of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract and the development of their ailments. In the worst case, gastritis can lead to the development of stomach cancer. Therefore, in order to avoid such sad consequences, follow the simple rules of a healthy diet and diet, then nothing will threaten your health.