Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) is accompanied by severe pain. If untreated, the disease becomes chronic, for which frequent exacerbations are typical. Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is a must. It is the adherence to the principles of medical nutrition that significantly reduces the risk of developing an attack.
Features of the diet
Nutrition for pancreatic pancreatitis has its own characteristics. The main task of the diet is to reduce the activity of the organ. How to eat with pancreatitis, so as not to worsen your health? The main principles are:
- complete rejection of fatty or fried foods and sweets;
- lack of coarse fiber foods in the diet;
- in the process of cooking, only the methods of cooking and steaming are used;
- fractional diet - food intake is carried out in six to seven meals in small portions;
- the food served must be pureed or finely chopped.
During the day, the patient must consume at least 2 liters of any liquid.
Acute nutrition
Diet for acute pancreatitis helps to eliminate severe symptoms of an attack. Its purpose is to stop the production of pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes. It is achieved by refusing to eat (in the first few days) and adherence to bed rest.
What can you eat with pancreatitis during this period? In the first one to three days from the onset of the attack - depending on the severity of the patient's condition - the person will be recommended complete hunger. Only drinking is allowed: mineral alkaline waters, rosehip decoction, weakly brewed unsweetened tea, water. After stabilizing the condition and eliminating the pain syndrome, patients are assigned a dietary table.
After stopping the attack, food should be fractional - up to 8 times a day. The initial portion size is no more than 50-100 grams. Since the low-calorie diet practiced during this period does not meet physiological norms, it is quite short: no more than 7 days. All products used are boiled, and the dishes are served warm and have a semi-liquid consistency.
| Days | Allowed Products |
|---|---|
| First | Mashed porridge-spreads, slimy soups with cereals (millet and corn grits are prohibited), decoctions of vegetables, weakly brewed teas with the addition of granulated sugar, compote, homemade crackers, fruit jelly and jelly. |
| Second | |
| Third | Cottage cheese dishes: soufflés, puddings, pasta, steam omelet. |
| Fourth | Milk porridge. |
| Fifth | Meat puree soup. |
| Sixth | Butter (small amount), mashed vegetables (cabbage is prohibited). |
| Seventh | Meat or fish soufflé. |
Then the patient is transferred to a basic diet, the variety of which depends on the presence of concomitant diseases. If we talk about which table is assigned most often, then this is number 5P. The diet for acute inflammation of the pancreas lasts 6-12 months.
Nutritional therapy for chronic form
For patients with chronic pancreatitis, dieting is a lifelong obligation, since any errors in nutrition can cause an exacerbation of the pathology. Each attack of the disease is accompanied by partial replacement of functioning tissues with fibrous ones, which ultimately leads to the development of insufficiency of the secretory function of the gland.
During the period of exacerbation of the chronic form of pancreatitis, accompanied by severe pathological symptoms, the patient is prescribed a strict 7-day diet as in the acute form. After improving health, the patient is transferred to the diet in accordance with table No. 5 P.
Its main characteristics:
- dishes served to the table must be either wiped or carefully chopped;
- the content of protein, fats and carbohydrates meets the physiological needs of the body;
- with poor-quality assimilation of protein, its percentage decreases due to an increase in the content of carbohydrates;
- products containing fiber and extractives are completely excluded;
- the amount of salt is limited to 6 grams per day;
- fractional meals - up to 6 times a day;
- overeating is unacceptable.
Permitted and prohibited foods of the diet No. 5 P
What can you eat with inflammation of the pancreas? The product set includes:
- Boiled vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, green peas, cauliflower, beets. In the absence of a negative reaction, you can include raw carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes.
- Groats - buckwheat, rice, oatmeal, semolina. Porridge should have a semi-liquid consistency. Semolina and rice soufflé are allowed. Limited - barley, corn, millet, yachka.
- Vegetable broth soups, dairy soups, puree soups. For thickening, carefully boiled cereals are used - semolina, rice, rolled oats. Vegetables are cut into small pieces. You cannot fry them. Sour cream, cream, butter, milk are allowed for dressing.
- Low-fat meats - beef, veal, chicken, rabbit.
- Low-fat types of fish - cod, hake, pike perch, perch, pollock, blue whiting. It is boiled or steamed.
- Yesterday's or dried wheat bread, uncooked biscuits.
- Sour milk products with a low content of fat - yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese. You can serve grated cheese with a neutral flavor.
- Protein omelet, soft-boiled eggs.
- Sauces cooked with vegetable broth. You cannot fry flour to thicken them.
- Sweet apples baked in the oven. Fruit mousses, jellies, jelly, preserves.
- Mashed fresh fruits.
- Creamy and refined sunflower oil.
From drinks: weakly brewed tea with the addition of lemon, fruit juices with a sweet taste, previously diluted with water, rosehip infusion, compotes from apricots, pears, apples, water without gases. If you are deficient in potassium, your diet should include carrot juice. Proper nutrition with an inflamed pancreas is the key to good health. That is why it is necessary to exclude from the menu products that can provoke exacerbations.
What should not be eaten with inflammation of the pancreas? The list of prohibited foods includes:
- fresh bread, yeast baked goods, cakes, pastries;
- rich soups, cabbage soup, borscht, okroshka and beetroot;
- fried dishes - pies, cheese cakes, pancakes, pancakes;
- fatty meats;
- offal;
- crumbly cereals;
- vegetables, which contain fiber, mushrooms;
- fresh vegetables and fruits with care;
- cooking fats and lard;
- bananas, grapes, dates;
- hot spices;
- alcohol, coffee, soda, ice cream, cocoa.
After the transition of the disease into a state of remission, it is allowed to introduce fresh vegetables and fruits.
Example of a weekly menu
An approximate menu for a week with pancreatitis of the pancreas may look like this:
| Breakfast | Lunch | Dinner | Afternoon snack | Dinner | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monday | Steam omelet, curd soufflé, drink | Cheese biscuits, stewed apple | Semolina soup with mashed carrots, buckwheat with boiled zucchini, drink | Grated apple | Oatmeal, beet salad, oven baked apple |
| Tuesday | Mashed rice porridge, cottage cheese, drink | Apple puree | Buckwheat soup with vegetables, steamed chicken dumplings, jelly | Steamed protein omelet, diluted juice | Steamed fish cutlet garnished with mashed potatoes, drink |
| Wednesday | Rice liquid milk porridge, protein omelet, drink | Cottage cheese with sweet jelly | Cauliflower cream soup, chicken soufflé, drink | Stewed apple or pear | Steamed fish dumplings with vegetable puree, drink |
| Thursday | Steam omelet, milk buckwheat (pureed), tea | Cottage cheese | Carrot cream soup, beef cutlets garnished with rice porridge, drink | Juice with biscuit cookies | Steam fish cutlets with vegetable puree, compote |
| Friday | Porridge with butter, steam protein omelet, cheese, drink | Oven-baked syrniki with carrots, sweet juice | Soup with meatballs, meat puree with pumpkin puree, drink | Curd pudding | Steamed fish cakes with cauliflower, drink |
| Saturday | Oatmeal, cottage cheese, drink | Soft-boiled egg, juice | Pumpkin soup seasoned with sour cream, beef stroganoff with carrot puree, drink | Galette cookies, juice | Fish dumplings with rice porridge, drink |
| Sunday | Semolina pudding sprinkled with jelly, cottage cheese, drink | Protein omelet, juice | Buckwheat soup, chicken soufflé, drink | Sweet jelly with dry cookies | Boiled fish with rice porridge, compote. |
At night you need to drink a glass of kefir or yogurt. Since dietary nutrition with inflammation of the pancreas imposes significant restrictions and prohibits the use of many spices, it is important to learn how to choose the right food in order to diversify the menu. After all, food for pancreatitis should be not only healthy, but also tasty.
Nutritionists recommend the following combinations:
| Days of the week | Grocery set |
|---|---|
| Monday | Veal, potato, oatmeal, carrot, apple |
| Tuesday | Chicken, fish, small vermicelli, cottage cheese, apple, cookies, rice |
| Wednesday | Rabbit, chicken, buckwheat, pumpkin, carrots, nuts |
| Thursday | Turkey, pollock, semolina, carrots, onions |
| Friday | Beef, cheese, dates, chicken, buckwheat, croutons |
| Saturday | Rice, zucchini, carrots, egg white, chicken, kefir, beef |
| Sunday | Potatoes, semolina, rolled oats, dates, dried apricots, biscuits, cod |
As drinks you can use:
- weakly brewed tea - black, green;
- fresh and dried fruit compotes;
- a decoction of rosehip berries.
Fasting days
With diagnosed chronic pancreatitis, nutritionists recommend unloading. On such days, patients eat only one type of food.
With inflammation of the pancreas, you can practice the following one-day mono-diets:
- Oatmeal. It is necessary to boil 200 grams of oatmeal in water. Divide it into 6 parts. During the day, you need to drink 400 ml of rosehip decoction.
- Curd. So, fill 600 grams of cottage cheese (fat-free) with sour cream (60 grams). Divide into 4 servings. Allowed 400 ml of rosehip broth.
- Fruit and curd. Mix prunes (400 grams) and the same amount of low-fat cottage cheese. Eat in 6 meals.
- Rice compote. Cook 1. 5 liters of compote from apples. Cook porridge from 50 grams of rice. Sweeten a little. Drink compote during the day. There is porridge in the morning and evening.
- Watermelon. During the day, you need to eat 1. 5 watermelon pulp (the crust is not counted) in five to six meals.
- Pumpkin. Bake 2 kg of pumpkin pulp in the oven. Divide it into 5 steps.
- Apple. Bake 1. 5 kg of apples in the oven and eat in a day.
Physical activity is prohibited on these days.
Several recipes
The diet for pancreatitis in adults, as already mentioned, is rather monotonous, therefore it is so important to please patients with food of different tastes. To prepare meat pudding you will need:
- beef - 250 grams;
- butter - 45 grams;
- semolina - 25 grams;
- water - 100 ml;
- egg.
Preparation:
- Boil the meat and mince it.
- Pour semolina with water and add an egg. Mix.
- Combine both components, knead thoroughly and place in a mold.
Cook in a double boiler.
Slimy oatmeal soup is made with the following foods:
- rolled oats - 1 glass;
- water - 1. 3 liters;
- milk - 100 ml;
- egg;
- butter - 1 tsp
Preparation:
- Pour boiling water over the flakes and cook for 30 minutes at a low boil. Filter the finished broth and bring to a boil again.
- Stir the egg in hot milk and add the mixture to the oat broth in a thin stream.
When serving, add butter.
The patient's table with pancreatitis should also offer sweet dishes. For dessert you will need:
- egg white;
- granulated sugar - 35 grams;
- strawberries - 100 grams;
- flour - 25 grams;
- water - 120 ml;
- vanillin.
Preparation:
- Beat egg white with sugar and vanilla.
- Spread the mass with a spoon in boiling water. Cook them for 4 minutes.
When serving, the dessert is poured over with a sauce made from mashed berries, flour and granulated sugar. Pancreatitis is a complex disease characterized by frequent exacerbations. Compliance with a diet helps to reduce their number and bring the disease into a stage of long-term remission.